Diaphragmatic flutter research & publicationsPublicaties over diafragma-flutter

Hieronder vindt u een uitgebreide selectie van relevante publicaties. Elke publicatie bevat steekwoorden en een link naar de bron (waar beschikbaar). Dit overzicht is niet volledig.

Below you will find an extensive selection of relevant publications. Each entry includes keywords and a link to the source (where available). This overview is not exhaustive.

Volledige bronvermelding (auteurs, tijdschrift, jaar, DOI, PMID) →Full references (authors, journal, year, DOI, PMID) →

Treatment of Idiopathic Diaphragm Flutter

CHEST Journal • 2017

Case report of a 35-year-old woman with idiopathic diaphragmatic flutter. Medication, phrenic nerve crush and pacing failed. Non-invasive ventilatory support proved effective in stopping the flutter by resting the diaphragm.

Case report over een 35-jarige vrouw met idiopathische diafragma-flutter. Medicamenteuze therapie, phrenicus-crush en pacing faalden. Non-invasieve ventilatoire ondersteuning (NVS) bleek effectief in het stoppen van de flutter door het middenrif rust te geven.

idiopathicidiopathisch non-invasive ventilationnon-invasieve ventilatie treatmentbehandeling case report

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Diaphragmatic flutter

Practical Neurology • 2018 • Walton, Bonello & Steiger

Case report of a 78-year-old woman with involuntary abdominal movements after a stroke. Fluoroscopy confirmed high-frequency flutter (van Leeuwenhoek’s disease). Medication was insufficient; phrenic nerve crush was considered.

Case report van een 78-jarige vrouw met onwillekeurige buikbewegingen na een beroerte. Fluoroscopie bevestigde hoogfrequente flutter (van Leeuwenhoek’s disease). Medicamenteuze behandeling onvoldoende; phrenicus-crush werd overwogen.

strokeberoerte fluoroscopyfluoroscopie van Leeuwenhoek case report

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Diaphragmatic Flutter: An Unusual Sign Of Multifarious Etiologic Entities

Neurology India • 2022 • Anand et al.

Three children with diaphragmatic flutter from different causes: hypocalcaemia, striatal necrosis and idiopathic. All responded well to treatment (calcium, thiamine/biotin, clonazepam).

Drie kinderen met diafragma-flutter door verschillende oorzaken: hypocalciëmie, striatale necrose en idiopathisch. Allen reageerden goed op behandeling (calcium, thiamine/biotine, clonazepam).

childrenkinderen hypocalcaemiahypocalciëmie clonazepam aetiologyetiologie

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Diaphragmatic Flutter Disease: Key Findings in Esophageal Manometry and Biofeedback Treatment

Neurogastroenterology & Motility • 2025 • Ezquerra-Durán et al.

First case series using high-resolution oesophageal manometry (HREM) for diagnosis. A characteristic manometric pattern was found. Abdomino-thoracic biofeedback led to symptom control.

Eerste case series waarbij high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) werd gebruikt voor diagnose. Karakteristiek manometrisch patroon gevonden. Abdomino-thoracale biofeedback leidde tot symptomatische controle.

manometrymanometrie biofeedback HREM treatmentbehandeling

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When Inspiratory Stridor Is Not Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion: A Case Study of Diaphragm Flutter

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups • 2021

Case study of a 20-year-old woman with inspiratory stridor and cough, initially suspected of paradoxical vocal fold movement. Eventually diagnosed with diaphragm flutter. Complete resolution with baclofen.

Case study van een 20-jarige vrouw met inspiratoire stridor en hoest, aanvankelijk verdacht van paradoxale stembandbeweging. Uiteindelijk gediagnosticeerd als diafragma-flutter. Volledige resolutie met baclofen.

stridor baclofen differential diagnosisdifferentiaaldiagnose case study

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Diaphragmatic flutter: A case report and literature review

Neurología • 2015 • Ramírez et al.

Case report and literature review. Describes the variable presentation, possible causes (central and peripheral) and diagnostic challenges of diaphragmatic flutter. Stresses the importance of clinical suspicion.

Case report en literatuuroverzicht. Beschrijft de variabele presentatie, mogelijke oorzaken (centraal en perifeer) en diagnostische uitdagingen. Benadrukt het belang van klinische verdenking.

literature reviewliteratuurreview diagnosisdiagnostiek case report

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What Is Diaphragm Flutter or Belly Dancer's Dyskinesia?

WebMD • 2026 (medisch beoordeeld)

Accessible explanation of diaphragm flutter symptoms, possible causes and treatment options. Well suited as an introduction for patients and non-specialists.

Toegankelijke uitleg over symptomen, mogelijke oorzaken en behandelopties. Goed geschikt als inleiding voor patiënten en niet-specialisten.

patient informationpatiënteninfo overviewoverzicht symptomssymptomen

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Diaphragmatic flutter, the moving umbilicus syndrome, and “belly dancer’s” dyskinesia

Movement Disorders • 1990 • Iliceto, Thompson, Day, Rothwell, Lees & Marsden

First systematic description of “belly dancer’s dyskinesia”. Five patients: one with true diaphragmatic flutter (possibly a variant of palatal myoclonus), four with writhing abdominal wall movements (about 30/min). In two, strongly influenced by breathing manoeuvres. No structural cause found.

Eerste systematische beschrijving van “belly dancer’s dyskinesia”. Vijf patiënten: één met echte diafragma-flutter (mogelijk variant van palatal myoclonus), vier met writhing buikwandbewegingen (±30/min). Bij twee sterk beïnvloed door ademhalingsmanoeuvres. Geen structurele oorzaak gevonden.

classicklassiek idiopathicidiopathisch moving umbilicus case series

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia: A Glimpse of a Rare Phenomenon

Cureus • 2017 • Gupta et al.

23-year-old man with sudden undulating abdominal movements after domperidone. Movements disappeared during sleep. Imaging normal. Rapid resolution after promethazine + clonazepam. First reported case of BDD caused by domperidone. Includes videos.

23-jarige man met plotselinge undulerende buikbewegingen na domperidone. Bewegingen verdwenen tijdens slaap. Beeldvorming normaal. Snelle verdwijning na promethazine + clonazepam. Eerste gerapporteerde geval van BDD door domperidone. Inclusief video’s.

drug-induced domperidone clonazepam promethazine video

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A Case Report of Belly Dancer Dyskinesia in a 54 Years Old Female: Gastroenterology Meets Neurology

International Medical Case Reports Journal • 2022 • Bane, Seid, Ejeta & Gorfu

54-year-old Ethiopian woman with painless writhing abdominal movements for 6 years, starting after cholecystectomy. Often relieved by fasting. Successfully treated with chlordiazepoxide. Example of post-surgical BDD presenting to the gastroenterologist. Includes video.

54-jarige Ethiopische vrouw met pijnloze writhing buikbewegingen sinds 6 jaar, begonnen na cholecystectomie. Vaak verlicht door vasten. Succesvol behandeld met chlordiazepoxide. Voorbeeld van post-chirurgische BDD die bij de gastro-enteroloog terechtkomt. Inclusief video.

post-surgicalpost-chirurgisch cholecystectomycholecystectomie chlordiazepoxide EthiopiaEthiopië video

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Belly Dancer Dyskinesia During Pregnancy: Case Report from Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

International Medical Case Reports Journal • 2021 • Gure

Primigravida (25 weeks) with rhythmic, painful abdominal movements. Movements sometimes stopped with deep breathing or distraction. No recurrence after caesarean section and postpartum. Rare presentation in pregnancy. Includes supplementary videos.

Primigravida (25 weken) met ritmische, pijnlijke buikbewegingen. Bewegingen stopten soms bij diepe ademhaling of afleiding. Na sectio en postpartum geen recidief. Zeldzame presentatie tijdens zwangerschap. Inclusief supplementaire video’s.

pregnancyzwangerschap pregnancy painfulpijnlijk primigravida video

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Levodopa-induced belly dancer’s dyskinesia: Case report

Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders • 2020 • Cavalcante-Filho et al.

79-year-old woman with Parkinson’s disease: involuntary continuous undulating abdominal movements about 20 minutes after taking levodopa, lasting about 4 hours. Disappeared during sleep. Full recovery within 15 days of stopping levodopa, still recovered after 1 year. Includes videos.

79-jarige vrouw met Parkinson: onwillekeurige continue undulerende buikbewegingen ±20 min na innemen van levodopa, duur ±4 uur. Verdwenen tijdens slaap. Volledig herstel binnen 15 dagen na stoppen van levodopa, blijvend na 1 jaar. Inclusief video’s.

drug-induced levodopa Parkinson reversibleomkeerbaar video

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia: 3 Cases of a Rare Entity

Case Reports in Neurology • 2022 • Rathmann et al.

Three patients without a clear structural cause. Two had overt vitamin B12 deficiency, one borderline. All improved substantially on clonazepam + B12 supplementation. Suggests a metabolic contribution to BDD.

Drie patiënten zonder duidelijke structurele oorzaak. Twee hadden manifeste B12-deficiëntie, één borderline. Allen verbeterden substantieel op combinatie van clonazepam + B12-suppletie. Suggestie van metabole bijdrage aan BDD.

vitamin B12vitamine B12 clonazepam metabolicmetabolisch case series

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Belly Dancer Dyskinesia: A Case Report and Review of Management

Cureus • 2025 • Aboukar et al.

18-year-old woman with sudden involuntary abdominal contractions + hiccups, increasing in frequency and duration. Brain/spinal cord MRI normal. Diazepam gave partial and clonazepam lasting improvement. Idiopathic, young age. Includes a review of management.

18-jarige vrouw met plotselinge onwillekeurige buikcontracties + hik, toenemend in frequentie en duur. MRI hersenen/ruggenmerg normaal. Diazepam gaf gedeeltelijke, clonazepam duurzame verbetering. Idiopathisch, jonge leeftijd. Inclusief review van management.

acuteacute hiccups clonazepam youngjong management review

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia: A Rare Condition

Cureus • 2020 • Villavicencio Kim et al.

39-year-old woman with dyspnoea and spontaneous contractions of the right hemidiaphragm, visible on ultrasound. Diagnosis: diaphragmatic flutter / myoclonus. Illustrates the pulmonary presentation and the diagnostic value of diaphragm ultrasound.

39-jarige vrouw met dyspnoe en spontane contracties van het rechter hemidiafragma, zichtbaar op ultrasound. Diagnose diaphragmatic flutter / myoclonus. Illustratief voor pulmonologische presentatie en diagnostische waarde van diafragma-ultrasound.

ultrasound hemidiaphragmhemidiafragma dyspnoeadyspnoe diaphragmatic myoclonus

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia Responsive to Oral Medication Treatment

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice • 2022 • Khosama et al.

47-year-old Indonesian man with rhythmic undulating abdominal movements (1 year), painful after contractions. MRI normal. Good response to low-dose haloperidol + clobazam; still doing well on a maintenance dose 1 year later. Includes videos.

47-jarige Indonesische man met ritmische undulerende buikbewegingen (1 jaar), pijnlijk na contracties. MRI normaal. Goede respons op lage dosis haloperidol + clobazam; 1 jaar later nog steeds goed functionerend op onderhoudsdosis. Inclusief video’s.

oral medication haloperidol clobazam successful conservative treatmentsuccesvol conservatief video

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A Case of Functional Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice • 2015 • Cho, Panyakaew, Srivanitchapoom & Hallett

51-year-old woman with prolonged undulating abdominal movements after acute back/leg pain during Pilates. Surface EMG: irregular bursts, co-contraction. Movements disappeared completely during sleep. First case with neurophysiological support for functional (psychogenic) BDD.

51-jarige vrouw met langdurige undulerende buikbewegingen na acute rug-/beenpijn tijdens Pilates. Surface-EMG: onregelmatige bursts, cocontractie. Bewegingen verdwenen volledig tijdens slaap. Eerste casus met neurofysiologische ondersteuning van functionele (psychogene) BDD.

functionalfunctioneel psychogenicpsychogeen EMG sleepslaap trauma

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia Following Acute Corpus Callosum Infarction

JAMA Neurology • 2025

53-year-old man with spontaneous arrhythmic spasmodic abdominal contractions after an acute infarct of the corpus callosum. Only while awake, not linked to breathing. Resolved within 24 hours of antiplatelet therapy. Points to a role of the corpus callosum in motor coordination. Video available.

53-jarige man met spontane aritmische spasmodische buikcontracties na acuut infarct van het corpus callosum. Alleen tijdens wakker zijn, niet gekoppeld aan ademhaling. Verdwenen binnen 24 uur na antiplaatjestherapie. Wijst op rol van corpus callosum in motorische coördinatie. Video beschikbaar.

centralcentraal infarct corpus callosum acuteacute video

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Belly dancer’s dyskinesia: A rare movement disorder

Neurology India • 2018

12-year-old boy with rhythmic continuous abdominal movements 10 days after an episode of diarrhoea. Absent during sleep. Fluoroscopy confirmed a bilateral diaphragmatic origin. All other tests normal. Rare presentation in a child.

12-jarige jongen met ritmische continue buikbewegingen 10 dagen na diarree-episode. Afwezig tijdens slaap. Fluoroscopie bevestigde bilaterale diafragma-oorsprong. Alle overige onderzoeken normaal. Zeldzame presentatie bij kind.

childkind post-infectiouspost-infectieus fluoroscopyfluoroscopie bilateralbilateraal

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Diaphragmatic Myoclonus Effectively Treated with Lacosamide: A Very Rare Phenomenon of Belly Dancer Syndrome

Neurology India • 2025 • Manorenj, Naaz & Madhavan

21-year-old woman with acute abdominal movements (5 days). EEG: polyspike-wave consistent with cortical myoclonus. Dramatic resolution on lacosamide. Example of a cortical rather than segmental origin of belly dancer syndrome.

21-jarige vrouw met acute buikbewegingen (5 dagen). EEG: polyspike-wave consistent met corticale myoclonus. Dramatische verdwijning op lacosamide. Voorbeeld van corticale in plaats van segmentale oorsprong van belly dancer syndrome.

corticalcorticaal myoclonus lacosamide EEG acuteacute

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia: A Rare Phenomenon

SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS • 2024 • Singh et al.

29-year-old man with rhythmic episodic abdominal movements after three doses of ondansetron (5-HT3 antagonist) during treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Rare side effect in the context of TB treatment.

29-jarige man met ritmische episodische buikbewegingen na drie doses ondansetron (5-HT3-antagonist) tijdens behandeling van multidrug-resistente tuberculose. Zeldzame bijwerking in context van TB-behandeling.

drug-induced ondansetron 5-HT3 MDR-TB

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Unraveling belly dancer’s dyskinesia and other puzzling diagnostic contortions: A narrative literature review

Brain Circulation • 2024 • Caprara et al.

Narrative review of 47 articles with 59 cases (1990–2023). 61% female, mean age 50 years. Most reported causes: idiopathic (17), drug-induced (11), post-surgical (11), pregnancy (5), vitamin B12 (4). Includes differential diagnosis and an overview of management.

Narratieve review van 47 artikelen met 59 casussen (1990–2023). 61% vrouw, gemiddelde leeftijd 50 jaar. Meest gerapporteerde oorzaken: idiopathic (17), drug-induced (11), post-chirurgisch (11), zwangerschap (5), vitamine B12 (4). Inclusief differentiaaldiagnose en managementoverzicht.

literature reviewliteratuurreview epidemiologyepidemiologie aetiologyetiologie differential diagnosisdifferentiaaldiagnose

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Acute respiratory failure induced by belly dancer’s syndrome: A glance to a rare case report

Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine • 2023 • Abraham et al.

25-year-old man with known BDD, exacerbation with continuous writhing + dyspnoea → intubation. Previously failed anti-epileptic drugs and unilateral phrenic neurectomy. Then regular botulinum toxin injections into the hemidiaphragm; attacks greatly reduced.

25-jarige man met bekende BDD, exacerbatie met continue writhing + dyspnoe → intubatie. Eerdere mislukte anti-epileptica en eenzijdige n. phrenicus neurectomie. Daarna regelmatige botulinetoxine-injecties in hemidiafragma; aanvallen sterk verminderd.

respiratory failurerespiratoire insufficiëntie botox phrenic nerven. phrenicus severeernstig

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Recurrent belly dancer dyskinesia in pregnancy

Neurology • 2017

Woman with BDD in several consecutive pregnancies (including week 34). Movements sometimes also at night. Postpartum remission. Clonazepam/levetiracetam suppressed the movements. Healthy babies. Video available.

Vrouw met BDD in meerdere opeenvolgende zwangerschappen (o.a. 34e week). Bewegingen soms ook ’s nachts. Postpartum remissie. Clonazepam/levetiracetam onderdrukten de bewegingen. Gezonde baby’s. Video beschikbaar.

pregnancyzwangerschap recurrentrecidiverend postpartum remissionpostpartum remissie video

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Recurrent Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia with Pregnancy

Journal of Movement Disorders • 2019

40-year-old woman in week 40 of pregnancy with writhing involuntary abdominal movements. Also present during sleep. Normal delivery; postpartum thoracic spine MRI normal. Declined medication. Literature review of BDD in pregnancy.

40-jarige vrouw in 40e week van zwangerschap met writhing onwillekeurige buikbewegingen. Ook aanwezig tijdens slaap. Normale bevalling, postpartum MRI thoraxwervelkolom normaal. Weigerde farmacotherapie. Literatuuroverzicht van BDD in zwangerschap.

pregnancyzwangerschap recurrentrecidiverend postpartum

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A case report and a brief literature review of belly dancer’s dyskinesia in a pregnant patient

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports • 2023 • Mengesha et al.

19-year-old Ethiopian primigravida in week 38 with oscillatory abdominal movements. Normal lab values. Response to valproate; complete resolution after delivery. Second reported case from Ethiopia. Short literature review of BDD in pregnancy.

19-jarige Ethiopische primigravida in 38e week met oscillatoire buikbewegingen. Normale labwaarden. Respons op valproaat; complete resolutie na bevalling. Tweede gerapporteerde casus uit Ethiopië. Korte literatuurreview van BDD in zwangerschap.

pregnancyzwangerschap valproatevalproaat EthiopiaEthiopië literature reviewliteratuurreview

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Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia in Children: A Case Series

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio Medical Science

Three paediatric cases within one year (Nigeria). Two spontaneous, one after persistent sneezing. All disappeared during sleep or when lying down. One responded to clonazepam; the other two to valproate and then gabapentin. Highlights awareness in children.

Drie pediatrische casussen binnen één jaar (Nigeria). Twee spontaan, één na aanhoudend niezen. Alle verdwenen in slaap of liggend. Eén reageerde op clonazepam; de andere twee op valproaat en daarna gabapentine. Benadrukt bewustwording bij kinderen.

childrenkinderen paediatric gabapentingabapentine valproatevalproaat case series

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Intermittent bursts of abdominal wall jerky movements: belly dancer’s syndrome?

BMJ Case Reports • 2012 • Amin, Abdulkarim & Shaikhani

Case of undulating movements of the anterior abdominal wall, more prominent on the left, resembling belly dancing. Diagnosed as diaphragmatic flutter of belly dancer’s syndrome (a form of myoclonic jerks). Responded to diphenhydramine + diazepam.

Casus van undulerende bewegingen van de voorste buikwand, prominenter links, lijkend op belly dancing. Gediagnosticeerd als diaphragmatic flutter van belly dancer’s syndrome (vorm van myoclonische jerks). Respons op diphenhydramine + diazepam.

myoclonus diazepam case report video

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